新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)：“幸福指數(shù)”怎么翻

華夏宏峰

句子：央視調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，2010年我國(guó)人民的幸福指數(shù)為44.7。

4 f- ]9 t0 l1 f9 x% P( y8 r　　誤譯：The result of a survey by CCTV shows that the people’s happiness quotient in our country was 44.7 in 2010.

6 y9 k# Y$ r8 S$ l1 ^　　正譯：The result of a survey by CCTV shows that the people’s happiness index in our country was 44.7 in 2010.
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　　解釋：quotient 的意思是 a number which is the result when one number is divided by another，是一個(gè)數(shù)被另一個(gè)數(shù)所除的結(jié)果，即“商數(shù)”或“商”，與“指數(shù)”是不同的概念?！靶腋Ｖ笖?shù)”應(yīng)譯為 happiness index。例如：
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7 ?) t4 M8 [7 E' c6 V1 p　　1. 當(dāng)6被2 除時(shí)，商是3。When six is divided by two, the quotient is three。

　　“指數(shù)”的第一個(gè)意思是純數(shù)學(xué)概念，表示“一個(gè)數(shù)目自乘若干次的數(shù)字”。英語(yǔ)可以譯為 index, index number, exponent, power。例如：

　　2. 指數(shù)是一個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)，表明一個(gè)數(shù)目自乘若干次的數(shù)字。 An exponent is a mathematical notation that implies the number of times a number is to be multiplied by itself。

　　“指數(shù)”的第二個(gè)意思是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)概念，表明“經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象變動(dòng)的程度”。英語(yǔ)可以譯為 index，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為 indexes或 indices。例如：3. 三月份中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)繼續(xù)快速增長(zhǎng)，而其通脹指數(shù)攀升至32個(gè)月的新高。
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! O6 Z4 E& ^3 Y8 C　　China's economy continued its rapid expansion in March as the inflation index climbed to a 32-month high。
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　　4. 居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)，衡量通脹的主要依據(jù)，在三月份同比增長(zhǎng)5.4%。The consumer price index, a main gauge of inflation, rose by 5.4 percent year-on-year in March。

　　5. 在這個(gè)亞洲國(guó)家，工業(yè)生產(chǎn)指數(shù)自2005年一直在增長(zhǎng)。The industrial production index has been rising since 2005 in this Asian country。

　　6. 今天上午道瓊斯指數(shù)跌了15點(diǎn)。The Dow Jones index fell 15 points this morning。
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　　7. 在這個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家，就業(yè)指數(shù)在過(guò)去三個(gè)月里從48.4 降到 43.6。In this European country, employment index has fallen from 48.4 to 43.6 over the past three months.▲(